Trigger Point Injections

Trigger Points and Trigger Point Injections

Trigger points are focal, hyperirritable spots or “knots” located in a tight band of skeletal muscle.

Trigger points produce pain locally and/or irritate the surrounding nerves causing referred pain

to other parts of the body. When pressure is applied over the trigger point, a twitch or jump

response is often elicited. Chronic repetitive use of the muscle or acute trauma can lead to the

development of a trigger point. Common areas where trigger points are found include: upper

trapezius, rhomboids, and lower back region. A series of 4-8 trigger point injections over a 4

week period, using a small amount of Lidocaine 1%, can be used to relieve pain and relax the

muscle. The risks of trigger point injections are minor and include: bruising, bleeding, infection,

and soreness at the injection site. Post-injection soreness is common, and to be expected in most

cases. After injections are performed the patient needs to remain active with stretching and

exercise.

Alvarez, D.J. & Rockwell, P.G. (2002). Trigger Points: Diagnosis and Management. American

Family Physician, 65(4), 653-661.